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Tables
Tables can be defined independently of the database in the ABAP Dictionary. The fields of the table are defined with their
(database-independent) data types and lengths.
When the table is activated, a physical table definition is created in the database for the table definition stored in the ABAP Dictionary. The
table definition is translated from the ABAP Dictionary to a definition of the particular database.
A table definition in the ABAP Dictionary contains the following components:
Table fields define the field names and data types of the fields contained in the table
Foreign keys define the relationships between the table and other tables.
Technical settings control how the table should be created in the database.
Indexes: To speed up data selection, secondary indexes can be created for the table
The customer can modify SAP tables with append structures and customizing includes. This kind of modification ensures that the customer
enhancements are automatically merged with the new versions of the SAP tables when there is a release upgrade.
Creating Tables
Procedure
In the initial screen of the ABAP Dictionary, select object class Database table, enter the table name and choose Create.
The maintenance screen for the table is displayed.
Enter an explanatory short text in the field Short text.
You can for example find the table at a later time using this short text.
On the Delivery and Maintenance tab, enter the delivery class of the table.
On this tab, choose an entry from the dropdown box for the Data Browser/Table View Maintenance field. Choose Table maintenance
allowed on this tab page if users with the corresponding authorization may change the data in the table using the Data Browser
(Transaction SE16). For more information refer to the available options in Data Browser/Table View Maintenance.
On the Fields tab page, enter the table fields. Perform the following steps for each table field:
Enter a name for the table field in the column Fields. The field name may only contain letters, digits and underlining, and it must begin with
a letter. A field name may not be longer than 16 characters.
Select the Key column if the field should be part of the table key.
Enter the name of a data element in field Field type. In this case the field takes the data type, length, decimal places and short text from
this data element. If there is no suitable data element, you can go to the data element maintenance screen by entering a name and
double-clicking.
With Data element/Direct type, you can directly enter the data type, field length, decimal places and short text. Press this key again if you
want to enter data elements for further fields.
Only a limited functionality is provided for fields without data elements. No foreign keys or fixed values may be defined for such fields, and
there is no F1 help.
You must also define the reference field and reference table on tab page Currency/quantity fields for fields of types CURR (currency) and
QUAN (quantity)
You also can include the fields of an existing structure in the table. Note that the field names in the structure may not be longer than 16
places in this case.
Maintain the technical settings for the table. The corresponding maintenance screen is displayed with Goto ® Technical settings.
The technical settings are a separate object and can be activated and transported separately from the table.
Maintain (if necessary) the foreign key relationships of the table to other tables.
The corresponding maintenance screen is displayed if you place the cursor on the check field and choose .
Create (if necessary) secondary indexes for the table.
To do this choose Goto ® Indexes.
Save the table.
A dialog box appears in which you have to assign the table a development class.
For tables with the Delivery Class G or E, you must also maintain a customer namespace (key block of the table) for the table entries. SAP
cannot change table entries or import new entries in the customer namespace during upgrades. To navigate to the appropriate
maintenance transaction, choose Define Customer Namespace on the Attributes tab.
Choose an enhancement category. For more information, see Structure Enhancements.
Choose .
Result
During activation, the table and all the indexes on the table are automatically created in the database (if not explicitly excluded when the
index was defined). You can display the table definition in the database with Utilities ® Database object ® Display.
At activation, the runtime object for the table is also created. You can display the runtime object with Utilities ® Runtime object ® Display.
You can find information about the activation flow in the activation log, which you can display with Utilities ® Activation log. The activation
log is displayed automatically if errors occur when the table is activated.
Other Options
Assign a search help to a field: You can assign a search help to a field with Goto ® Search help ® For field. The search help can be used by
all screen fields that refer to this field. See Attaching a Search Help to a Table or Structure Field.
Assign a search help to a table: You can assign a search help to a table with Goto ® Search help ® For table. This search help can be used
by all screen fields that are checked against the table. See Attaching a Search Help to a Check Table.
Create documentation: With Goto ® Documentation you can create a text that describes the use of the table and maintenance of the table
data more precisely.
Assign activation type: With Extras ® Activation type you can assign the table an activation type. This is only relevant for tables in the
runtime environment.
Enter or display data: If you set the Table maintenance allowed flag, you can enter data in the table with Utilities ® Table contents ®
Create entries. You can display existing data with Utilities ® Table contents ® Display.
Constraints
All the key fields of a table must be stored together at the beginning of the table. A non-key field may not occur between two key fields.
A maximum of 16 key fields per table is permitted. The maximum length of the table key is 255.
If the key length is greater than 120, there are restrictions when transporting table entries. The key can only be specified up to a maximum
of 120 places in a transport. If the key is larger than 120, table entries must be transported generically.
A table may not have more than 249 fields. The sum of all field lengths is limited to 1962 (whereby fields with data type LRAW and LCHR are
not counted).
Fields of types LRAW or LCHR must be at the end of the table. Only one such field is allowed per table. There must also be a field of type
INT2 directly in front of such a field. The actual length of the field can be entered there by the database interface.
Tables can be defined independently of the database in the ABAP Dictionary. The fields of the table are defined with their
(database-independent) data types and lengths.
When the table is activated, a physical table definition is created in the database for the table definition stored in the ABAP Dictionary. The
table definition is translated from the ABAP Dictionary to a definition of the particular database.
A table definition in the ABAP Dictionary contains the following components:
Table fields define the field names and data types of the fields contained in the table
Foreign keys define the relationships between the table and other tables.
Technical settings control how the table should be created in the database.
Indexes: To speed up data selection, secondary indexes can be created for the table
The customer can modify SAP tables with append structures and customizing includes. This kind of modification ensures that the customer
enhancements are automatically merged with the new versions of the SAP tables when there is a release upgrade.
Creating Tables
Procedure
In the initial screen of the ABAP Dictionary, select object class Database table, enter the table name and choose Create.
The maintenance screen for the table is displayed.
Enter an explanatory short text in the field Short text.
You can for example find the table at a later time using this short text.
On the Delivery and Maintenance tab, enter the delivery class of the table.
On this tab, choose an entry from the dropdown box for the Data Browser/Table View Maintenance field. Choose Table maintenance
allowed on this tab page if users with the corresponding authorization may change the data in the table using the Data Browser
(Transaction SE16). For more information refer to the available options in Data Browser/Table View Maintenance.
On the Fields tab page, enter the table fields. Perform the following steps for each table field:
Enter a name for the table field in the column Fields. The field name may only contain letters, digits and underlining, and it must begin with
a letter. A field name may not be longer than 16 characters.
Select the Key column if the field should be part of the table key.
Enter the name of a data element in field Field type. In this case the field takes the data type, length, decimal places and short text from
this data element. If there is no suitable data element, you can go to the data element maintenance screen by entering a name and
double-clicking.
With Data element/Direct type, you can directly enter the data type, field length, decimal places and short text. Press this key again if you
want to enter data elements for further fields.
Only a limited functionality is provided for fields without data elements. No foreign keys or fixed values may be defined for such fields, and
there is no F1 help.
You must also define the reference field and reference table on tab page Currency/quantity fields for fields of types CURR (currency) and
QUAN (quantity)
You also can include the fields of an existing structure in the table. Note that the field names in the structure may not be longer than 16
places in this case.
Maintain the technical settings for the table. The corresponding maintenance screen is displayed with Goto ® Technical settings.
The technical settings are a separate object and can be activated and transported separately from the table.
Maintain (if necessary) the foreign key relationships of the table to other tables.
The corresponding maintenance screen is displayed if you place the cursor on the check field and choose .
Create (if necessary) secondary indexes for the table.
To do this choose Goto ® Indexes.
Save the table.
A dialog box appears in which you have to assign the table a development class.
For tables with the Delivery Class G or E, you must also maintain a customer namespace (key block of the table) for the table entries. SAP
cannot change table entries or import new entries in the customer namespace during upgrades. To navigate to the appropriate
maintenance transaction, choose Define Customer Namespace on the Attributes tab.
Choose an enhancement category. For more information, see Structure Enhancements.
Choose .
Result
During activation, the table and all the indexes on the table are automatically created in the database (if not explicitly excluded when the
index was defined). You can display the table definition in the database with Utilities ® Database object ® Display.
At activation, the runtime object for the table is also created. You can display the runtime object with Utilities ® Runtime object ® Display.
You can find information about the activation flow in the activation log, which you can display with Utilities ® Activation log. The activation
log is displayed automatically if errors occur when the table is activated.
Other Options
Assign a search help to a field: You can assign a search help to a field with Goto ® Search help ® For field. The search help can be used by
all screen fields that refer to this field. See Attaching a Search Help to a Table or Structure Field.
Assign a search help to a table: You can assign a search help to a table with Goto ® Search help ® For table. This search help can be used
by all screen fields that are checked against the table. See Attaching a Search Help to a Check Table.
Create documentation: With Goto ® Documentation you can create a text that describes the use of the table and maintenance of the table
data more precisely.
Assign activation type: With Extras ® Activation type you can assign the table an activation type. This is only relevant for tables in the
runtime environment.
Enter or display data: If you set the Table maintenance allowed flag, you can enter data in the table with Utilities ® Table contents ®
Create entries. You can display existing data with Utilities ® Table contents ® Display.
Constraints
All the key fields of a table must be stored together at the beginning of the table. A non-key field may not occur between two key fields.
A maximum of 16 key fields per table is permitted. The maximum length of the table key is 255.
If the key length is greater than 120, there are restrictions when transporting table entries. The key can only be specified up to a maximum
of 120 places in a transport. If the key is larger than 120, table entries must be transported generically.
A table may not have more than 249 fields. The sum of all field lengths is limited to 1962 (whereby fields with data type LRAW and LCHR are
not counted).
Fields of types LRAW or LCHR must be at the end of the table. Only one such field is allowed per table. There must also be a field of type
INT2 directly in front of such a field. The actual length of the field can be entered there by the database interface.
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Wage Types
SAP Introduction
sap abap faq
sap Tables
SAP Transaction codes
Internal tables
data dictionary
performance tuning
transports & Requests
Sap scripts
Smartforms
lsmw
reports
sap Workflow
module pool/ dialog
programming
table control
user exits
sap memory
abap memory
alv reports
ABAP ADVANCED
IDOC
ALE
BAPI
BADI
RFC
FUNCTIONAL SIDE
Materials Management
FICO
Human Resources
BIW / BW / SEM
Free Documentation
Abap Material
Ale Material
BAPI Material
BC Material
IDOC Material
R/3 Database Management
SAP material
RFC
Transport
Sales & Distribution Material
Basic Data and Function
Material
Basis (BC) Material
Billing Material
CA Material
CATT : Computer Aided Test
Tool
Capacity Evaluation and
leveling Material
Capacity Planning Material
Cross Application Material
Countries
Customer Service Material
Enterpise Material
Financial / Controlling (FICO)
Internet Time Sheet
Inspection Material
HR Material
Material Management
Material
Payments Material
Payroll Material
Pension Fund
Production Planning and
Control
Plant Maintenance
Quality Management Material
Real Estate Material
SAP material
Wage Types